Question
Solution
Hubert DoyleMaster · Tutor for 5 yearsAnswer
Infection, inflammation, obstruction, bronchodilation
Explanation
The patient's history and clinical signs suggest bronchiectasis, a lung condition where damage to the airways leads to their abnormal dilation. In bronchiectasis, a sequence of events lead to the deterioration of the bronchial wall structures: an initial infection that induces inflammation, this leads to obstruction of the airways, that could then be followed by bronchodilation. Chronic inflammation can destroy the elastic and muscular tissue in the bronchial walls, impairing their ability to maintain their shape and promoting dilatation. <br /><br />On the other hand, Atrophy is generally characterized by a reduction in tissue or organ size, rather than dilation. Bronchodilation in this respect wouldn't be an appropriate description of what happens to the airways in bronchiectasis. Moreover, bronchospasm and bronchoconstriction refer to a narrowing of the airways, either generally usually resulting from increased smooth muscle contraction around the bronchi, or a physiological/modulated response, none of which are directly characteristic of the pathological progression to bronchiectasis.
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